This paper presents a new design of a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW)-fed multi-Bands planar antenna. This antenna can be integrated easily with passive and active elements. The proposed antenna is suitable to operate for GPS, PCS and WiMAX Bands. Its entire area is 52. 3x52. 6 mm2 and is employed on an FR-4 epoxy substrate and fed by a 50 Ohm coplanar line. The antenna parameters have been analyzed and optimized using Advanced Design System (ADS). Before passing to the fabrication of this antenna structure, we conducted a study into simulation using CST microwave studio and Ansoft’ s HFSS solvers in order to verify the ADS results. The fabrication and test of the final circuit permits to have a good agreement between simulation and measurement results.

The process of Communication has played a great role in "promotion of educational innovations". Communication channels may have interPersonal or mass media nature or may stem from local or transnational sources. The present research shows that the mentioned different channels play different roles in promoting innovations in the educational System. Mass media rapidly expand their audience and while disseminating information, move and change weaker attitudes. When promoting educational innovations, mass media and transnational channels become more important for information while interPersonal and local channels are more effective in the phase of satisfaction. Mass media and transnational channels are relatively more important than interPersonal and local channels for the expensive early adaptation compared to the expensive late adaptation. In developing countries like Iran, a combination of mass media and interPersonal Communications is the most effective way to reach people to promote new ideas and encourage them to take advantage of educational innovations. It seems that this issue has practical applications. In some regions ideological leaders have maintained their past roles among their followers.The acceptance levels of innovation include awareness, encouragement, decision, and cooperation. This research aims to determine the relationship between use of Communication channels (mass and Personal) by teachers and acceptance of educational innovations. For this reason, a questionnaire comprising of 42 questions has been given to teachers. The results that were obtained through 390 questionnaires – filled by teachers of Tehran province high schools in 2003-04 – indicate that:1. There is direct relationship between use of mass Communication channels by teachers and taking advantage of educational innovations; 2. There is no significant relationship between use of individual Communication channels by teachers and their willingness to avail of those innovations;3. There is reverse relationship between use of mass Communication channels by teachers and their getting-along and cooperation with new educational ideas;4. There is direct relationship between use of Personal Communication channels and cooperation; and5. There is no significant relationship between use of mass Communication channels by teachers and their participation in the study.

Body Centric Wireless Communication (BCWC) has been topic of much research in recent years. In this manuscript, a novel low-cost microstrip patch antenna is designed for on-/off-body Communication with a dual-Band operation. The proposed structure exhibits a monopole-like radiation pattern at 2. 45 GHz and a broadside radiation at 4. 8 GHz, simultaneously. Lateral dimensions of 42 mm × 46 mm and a low profile foam substrate with thickness of 2. 5 mm are considered for the dual-mode antenna presented. The proposed low-cost structure is fabricated and the stability of its performance under the human body effects is investigated through both simulation and measurement. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.

The problem of Personal identity among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of Personal identity raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the identity of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the question of what features or traits characterize a given person at one time. To answer these questions, John Locke discarded the soul and the body as necessary and sufficient substances for Personal identity over time. He accepted consciousness as the only criterion for Personal identity; the only thing capable of remaining the same and preserving Personal identity through change. Though Locke’s argument is somewhat clear and coherent but what remains vague and incoherent is embedded in the question—what exactly is consciousness? How and why should it be the basis or criterion for the determination of Personal identity? Using the method of critical analysis, I argue that Locke’s choice of consciousness as the determinant of Personal identity, though quite novel, is incoherent and vague. Secondly, Locke had already presumed and anticipated clearly though fallaciously the very thing he wishes to substantiate. I therefore conclude that Locke’s argument is just another way of trying to escape but inadvertently prolonging the difficulty of apparently articulating a distinction between the psychological approach and physiological approach to the problem of Personal identity. However, in my submission, I propose the concept of the “other” as alternative approach— a sort of an extrinsic-intrinsic approach to the problem of Personal identity.

The world is embroiled in a pandemic of a new coronavirus at the end of 2019 and early in 2020, with such a large scale that it has severely involved the political, economic, and social Systems in most countries around the world. The scale of the crisis is so widespread that many experts believe that the post-corona world will be substantially different from the pre-corona world. In the face of this massive epidemic, how people perceive risk and how to risk is communicated, plays a central role in deciding and choosing people's behavior. Fighting with this emerging phenomenon requires mobilizing all the possibilities of society and helping all people in the field of empathy and altruism. In this article, we briefly review aspects of the important concept of risk perception and Communication in this pervasive crisis.

Background: To assess the results of patellar fracture treatment by tension Band wiring.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed to evaluate clinical and radiological results of patellar fracture during past 6 years.Results: Twenty four patients were participated in follow-up. Union was occurred in the mean time of 2.67±0.61 months. Falling down and direct trauma were the most common cause of fracture. Most common complications were thigh muscle atrophy and pin irritation. Excellent and good results in 87.5% and fair results in 12.5% of the patients were seen.Conclusion: Fixation of patellar fractures with tension Band wiring was associated with a high rate of union

In optoelectronic devices such as photodetectors, solar cells, modulators, filters, etc., the optical absorption coefficient is a key parameter in successful device operation. To this end, in this paper, a dual Band absorber, consisting of a metal-graphene-dielectric-metal structure which can operate at Communication Bands is presented. First of all, the light absorption characteristic has been achieved by finite difference time domain method and then the influences of the thicknesses of top metallic structure, dielectric and substrate layers on the light absorption of the structure have been analyzed. The results revealed that utilizing the graphene monolayer and the plasmonic structure improves the light-graphene interaction and in result, the graphene layer absorption. It is shown that the proposed structure has the light absorption of 95% at the wavelength of 1310nm and the light absorption of 96% at the wavelength of 1675nm. Therefore, this absorber has the ability of operating at two optical Communication Bands (O-Band and U-Band) simultaneously.

This paper describes the design of 6W C-Band power amplifier based on the GaN-technology for use in TT&C-transmitters. Simple design, relatively high efficiency are the main features of this design. The operational frequency range spanned from 3. 4GHz to 4. 25GHz. It was decided to design the amplifier with the 6W CGH4006P transistor, from Cree. In the design procedure, source and load pull simulations were performed in order to retrieve the optimal impedances for the transistor and as a basis for the design of the matching networks. The amplifier design was done using a large signal model from Cree in Advanced Design System. The simulated results showed that the design were capable of delivering 6W output power throughout the frequency Band. P1dB is 39dBm in EM simulation. For this Amplifier the transducer gain is 11-13dBm. The power amplifier obtained a simulated power added efficiency (PAE) 54-60% at 39dBm output power. PA obtained a small signal gain above 13dB.

Active and active presence in cyberspace and social networks is subject to its rules and attributes. Today, with the Communication revolution, changing the role of the audience to the user, the presence of each individual in terms of the power of cyberspace to produce content and supply it to others, has changed many of the past equations in Communication. Each user must manage the elements involved in this process for their effective presence. So there is the question: Is the value of everyone in this space the same? Are there any ways for individual branding or collective use to be used? How do people describe themselves to others on social networks or how do they shape and identify themselves by identifying their identities? How can people improve their identity? Such questions appear to be natural and expected in the relationship between individual identity and identity as a result of its presence in cyberspace and social networks. This article tries to demonstrate the importance of individual real identities in social networks as well as the development of identity in cyberspace and its promotion through a descriptive and analytical method. The results indicate the importance of several elements such as profile, type of post or post, amount of interest, amount of comment, number of followers, etc. are very effective in making this identity.

The lattice-matched System (GaAs)n/(AlAs)n superlattice is calculated for two different values of n=3 and 6 within ab initio pseudopotential density-functional theory using Quantum Espresso package of program exploiting the ultra-soft atomic pseudopotentials.  Their Band offsets, which is a well-known and inextricable problem at semiconductor interfaces, have been determined in this paper and were compared with experimental results. Discontinuities of valance and conduction Bands were obtained as 0.46 and 0.25 eV, respectively.  The averaged self-consistent potential  across the [001] interface in GaAs is about 0.061 eV higher than its value in AlAs. The local density of states for both superlattices was also studied. The effect of different factors e.g. orientation, transitivity, and composition dependence is reported in this study. We found that, in the [110] direction of GaAs/AlAs superlattice, the dependence of the Band offset on the orientation is negligible.  The calculated Band gap of  is linearly dependent on aluminum content.